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Home » Raw Herbs » Roots

Taraxacum officinale  WIGGERS.

   

click to enlarge image

Botanical Name

:

Taraxacum officinale WIGGERS.

English Name

:

Dandelion and Blow Bael

Synonym(s)

:

Taraxacum vulgare (Schrank.), Taraxacum densleonis, Desf., Leontodon taraxacum, Linn., Leontodon officinale, Withering. Leontodon vulgare

Family

:

Asteraceae

 

General Info

Description

A perennial herb, with a vertical, cylindrical, tapering root often a foot or more in length and ½ to 1 inch in diameter, simple or slightly branched, smooth, yellowish-brown externally, white within. Leaves few, all from the crown of the root (short rzhizome), somewhat spreading, sessile, about 6 to 9 inches long, oval-oblong or slightly obovate, acute at the apex, attenuated and tapering at the base, very deeply jagged almost to the base in a pinnatifid manner, the segments triangular, horizontal or backward-pointing, very acute, 5 or 6 on either side, margin with small unequal, attenuated, spreading teeth or nearly entire, glabrous, solitary and terminating erect, cylindrical, tapering, weak, very hollow, smooth and glossy, pale-green scapes from the axils of the involucre in several rows, the innermost row of 12 to 18, erect before and during flowering, then closed, strongly deflexed in fruit, often somewhat connected by their margins below, oblong-linear, blunt and discoloured at the apex, thickened and hard at the base.

Herb Effects

All parts of the plant, but especially the root, are slightly aperient, cholagogue, depurative, strongly diuretic, hepatic, laxative, stomachic and tonic. The root is also experimentally cholagogue, hypoglycaemic and a weak antibiotic against yeast infections; antitumor and hypoglycemic (plant); prevents gall and kidney stone formation and aids in eliminating these stones. if present (root and leaf).

Links

Plants for a Future
Botanical.com
Australian Naturopathic Network

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, choline, inulin, linoleic acid, mannitol, niacin, nicotinic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stigmasterol, tannin, taraxacerin, taraxacin (root); beta-amyrin, lecithin, lutein, taraxien (flower); lactupicrin and P-hydroyphenol (aerial part); taraxasterol and humotaraxasterol; ascorbic acid, luteolin-7-glucoside, riboflavin, thiamin, vitamins C and B2 (leaf); beta-sitosterol, caffeic acid, coumestrol, cycloartenol, p-coumaric acid (plant)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Inulin 9005-80-5 2-[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2
-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2
-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2
-[[2-[[2-[ [2-[[2-[
[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[
[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[
[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[
[2 -[[2-[[3,4-dihyd
roxy-2,5-bis(hydroxy
methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o
xymethyl]-3,4- dihy
droxy-5-(hydroxymeth
yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme
thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-
5-(hyd roxymethyl)o
xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl
]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h
ydroxymethyl)oxola
n-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,
4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro
xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl
]oxymethyl ]-3,4-di
hydroxy-5-(hydroxyme
thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy
methyl]-3,4-dihydrox
y- 5-(hydroxymethyl
)oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth
yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-
(hydroxymethyl )oxo
lan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-
3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd
roxymethyl)oxolan-2-
yl]oxy methyl]-3,4-
dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy
methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o
xymethyl]-3,4-dihy
droxy-5-(hydroxymeth
yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme
thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-
5-(hydroxy methyl)o
xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl
]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h
ydroxymethyl)oxolan-
2- yl]oxymethyl]-3,
4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro
xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl
]oxymethyl]-3, 4-di
hydroxy-5-(hydroxyme
thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy
methyl]-3,4-dihydrox
y-5-(h ydroxymethyl
)oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth
yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-
(hydroxymethyl)oxo
lan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-
3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd
roxymethyl)oxolan-2-
yl]oxymeth yl]-3,4-
dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy
methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o
xymethyl]-3,4-dihydr
ox y-5-(hydroxymeth
yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme
thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-
5-(hydroxymeth yl)o
xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl
]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h
ydroxymethyl)oxolan-
2-yl]o xymethyl]-3,
4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro
xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl
]oxymethyl]-3,4-di
hydroxy-5-(hydroxyme
thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy
methyl]-3,4-dihydrox
y-5-(hydro xymethyl
)oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth
yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-
(hydroxymethyl)oxola
n- 2-yl]oxymethyl]-
3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd
roxymethyl)oxolan-2-
yl]oxymethyl]- 3,4-
dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy
methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o
xymethyl]-3,4-dihydr
oxy-5- (hydroxymeth
yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme
thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-
5-(hydroxymethyl)o
xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl
]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h
ydroxymethyl)oxolan-
2-yl]oxyme thyl]-3,
4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro
xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl
]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihy
dr oxy-5-(hydroxyme
thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy
methyl]-3,4-dihydrox
y-5-(hydroxyme thyl
)oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth
yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-
(hydroxymethyl)oxola
n-2-yl ]oxymethyl]-
3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd
roxymethyl)oxolan-2-
yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-
dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy
methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o
xy-6-(hydroxymethyl)
oxane-3,4, 5-triol
C228H382O191 Click Here To Enlarge
Lactupicrin 65725-11-3 Not Available C23H22O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Taraxasterol 1059-14-9 4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-
heptamethyl-11-methy
lidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,
6a,7,8,9,1 0,12,12a
,13,14,14a-hexadecah
ydropicen-3-ol
C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Caffeic acid Not Available 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic Acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Choline 67-48-1 2-hydroxyethyl-trime
thyl-ammonium
C5H14NO+ Click Here To Enlarge
Linoleic acid 8024-22-4 Octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid
C18H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Mannitol 85085-15-0 hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-h
exaol
C6H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 Pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Nicotinic acid 99148-57-9 pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Palmitic acid 66321-94-6 Hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Stigmasterol 4736-55-4 17-(4-ethyl-1,5-dime
thyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,
13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,
6,7,8,9,10 ,11,12,1
3,14,15,16,17-hexade
cahydrocyclopenta[a]
phenanthren-3-one
C29H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-Amyrin 559-70-6 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a- tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol
C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Lecithin 8057-53-2 Not Available Not Available Click Here To Enlarge
Lutein 34445-91-5 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6
,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo
hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t
etramethyl -octadec
a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-
trimethyl-cyclohex-2
-e n-1-ol
C40H56O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Lactupicrin 65725-11-3 Not Available C23H22O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Taraxasterol 1059-14-9 4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-
heptamethyl-11-methy
lidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,
6a,7,8,9,1 0,12,12a
,13,14,14a-hexadecah
ydropicen-3-ol
C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Luteolin-7-glucoside 5373-11-5 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4-hydroxy-7-[3,4
,5-trihydroxy-6-(hyd
roxymethyl )oxan-2-
yl]oxy-chromen-5-one
C21H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge
Vitamin C 89924-69-6 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Vitamin B2 Not Available Not Available C17H20N4O6 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, 15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Coumestrol Not Available Not Available C15H8O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Cycloartenol Not Available Not Available C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
p-Coumaric acid 501-98-4 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)p
rop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Maladies of the liver, gall bladder, bowel and kidney, as a tonic, diuretic, laxative and for increasing the secretion of gastric juices (root); as a compress in rheumatism and complaints due to uric acid accumulation in joint areas (leaf); used internally in the treatment of gall bladder and urinary disorders, gallstones, jaundice, cirrhosis, dyspepsia with constipation, oedema associated with high blood pressure and heart weakness, chronic joint and skin complaints, gout, eczema and acne (plant); used to remove corns, warts and verrucae, has a specific action on inflammations of the gall bladder and is also believed to remove stones in the liver (latex).

Contraindication

Dandelion must not be used during pregnancy.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.


Uniyal et al., Medicinal Flora of Garhwal Himalayas.

Bentley and Trimen, Medicinal Plants.

Stary, Medicinal Herbs and Plants.

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